Glaucoma (গ্লকোমা)
Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases that damage the optic nerve, often due to increased intraocular pressure (IOP). Known as the “silent thief of sight,” it usually develops slowly without noticeable symptoms until significant vision loss occurs.
If untreated, glaucoma can cause permanent blindness. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential.
Types of Glaucoma
- Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG)
- Angle Closure Glaucoma (ACG)
- Congenital Glaucoma
- Secondary Glaucoma (trauma, diabetes, steroids, etc.)
Important Points
- ✅ Usually painless and symptomless in early stages
- ✅ Peripheral vision lost first, central vision later
- ✅ High-risk: age > 40, family history, diabetes, myopia, steroid users
- ✅ Cannot be cured, but progression controlled
- ⚠️ Glaucoma damage is irreversible; early detection is key
Diagnosis
- Tonometry (IOP measurement)
- Gonioscopy
- OCT – Optic Nerve Head & RNFL
- Humphrey Visual Field Analysis (HVFA)
- Pachymetry (corneal thickness)
Treatment
- Anti-glaucoma eye drops
- Laser: Iridotomy, Trabeculoplasty
- Surgery: Trabeculectomy, Tube Shunt, MIGS
গ্লকোমা হলো চোখের অপটিক নার্ভের রোগ, যা সাধারণত চোখের ভেতরের চাপ বেড়ে যাওয়ার কারণে হয়। একে বলা হয় “দৃষ্টিশক্তির নীরব ঘাতক”, কারণ এটি শুরুতে কোনো উপসর্গ ছাড়াই ধীরে ধীরে হয়। চিকিৎসা না করলে স্থায়ী অন্ধত্ব হয়।
